During the battle, the White Jubilee tried to get the Guinevere to blow up the air and put six fine teachers in the air, and it collapsed in a day.
The veterans recall:
“A regiment went up, and two days later left a few food burdens. I’m sorry.
“There are so many Chinese, a single spit is enough to drown Japan. This is what we often hear from our ancestors.
For quite some time, we all felt that we could have easily defeated Japan had it not been for the original policy of non-resistance.
But really?
One.
On the evening of August 9th, 1937, Daesan Yongfook was a little upset.
As Lieutenant of the Japanese Navy Special Marines, Dayama Yongfook thinks it’s unreasonable to stand in his way – They stopped him and his first-class private Saito and Hide and denied them access to the Shanghai Rainbow Bridge airport.
According to the other side, this is a military priority for China and cannot enter.
From the point of view of Daeshan Yongfook, the Chinese army has gone a little too far in Shanghai — a city belonging to China.
In accordance with the 1932 Armistice Agreement of 1932, the Chinese army was not authorized to station regular troops in Shanghai, but only to deploy the “Security Corps”. However, there have been indications over the past few months that the Chiang Kai-shek Government is using a variety of means to enhance its military presence in Shanghai, including construction of works in various important buildings and at the junction. According to reliable information, they have even replaced regular units of the Central Army with clothing for the Shanghai-based security forces and infiltrated them in groups.
Mr. Yama.
This is also why Daeshan Yongfook brought his men to the Rainbow Bridge airport: as with previous investigations, they need to know what the Chinese army is planning to do. Although the Japanese side has used the negotiating advantage of the Armistice Agreement to increase its military presence in Shanghai and is prepared to fight in Shanghai, the Chinese Government would certainly not be allowed to do so if it also wanted to do so!
I can’t help but think of the Chinese who dared to play with the Japanese Empire. He told Saito to step on the gas door of the car and prepare to break in and find out. During the break-in, a clash erupted between the two sides, which resulted in the killing of the two men by Chinese soldiers.
It is true that they were not ordinary Chinese policemen of the Security Corps, but soldiers attached to the Independent Brigade of the Second Division of the Chinese Regular Army. They have long had enough of the anger of the Japanese in Shanghai, and they have finally waited for the opportunity today.
Dayama Yongfook was right: the Chinese army’s regular army had already been stationed in Shanghai.
A China-Japan war is actually planned on both sides and is under way. According to the later disclosed diary of Dayama Yong-man, he was in fact determined to die before he went to the Rainbow Bridge airport, knowing that it was a provocation aimed at adding pretexts for the Japanese army.
Two.
In the early morning of August 12, 1937, Zhang Jie looked like he had arrived in Shanghai in the morning.
As Commander-in-Chief of the Kyoto Police, he arrived in Shanghai at such a sensitive time, not to deal with the killing of the Japanese Navy Captain Noboru Oyama by the Japanese Cabinet after his death as captain on 9 August – despite the fact that the incident immediately triggered a huge wave.
Japan’s Consul General Okamoto will meet Mayor Yu Hong-hoon in Shanghai at the first hour of the season to express Japan’s “state-wide shock” attitude to China and to demand that the Chinese army immediately dismantle all military work in Shanghai and withdraw all its troops. And the Japanese were shocked by the fact that the Chinese, who used to fight Tai Chi but at least with humility, were very tough this time. Hong Zheng said that the Japanese had broken into China ‘ s restricted military zone and had killed Chinese soldiers before, and rejected all Japan ‘ s demands.
The strong attitude of the Shanghai Government is linked to Zhang Jie-jung’s arrival in Shanghai.
On the very day of his arrival in Shanghai, Zhang Jiehi received a new appointment title: Commander-in-Chief of the Ninth Group.
The mission of the Ninth Army was to surround the Japanese army in Shanghai.
The saying of Chiang Kai-shek to Zhang Qi is: “Send the Japanese troops in Shanghai to the Yangtze River!” I’m sorry.
This has made Zhang Jie very excited — he has always advocated fighting the Japanese in Shanghai.
Concurring with Zhang Jie’s arguments, the then Deputy Chief of Staff, Baek Chonghui, the Chief of the Operational Group of the Ministry of Military Order, Liu Fai, and the Chief of the Army Processing Division of the Chairman of the Wu Chang Council, Chen Chong, among others, were influential figures around Chiang Kai-shek.
First, strategically speaking, because the Japanese army is far superior to China, both in terms of equipment and the quality of its officers, the main force of the Chinese army would certainly have been lost to the south-east coast, if it had been put to the North China Plains for a duel.
Secondly, diplomatically speaking, Shanghai was the largest city in the Far East at the time, and the interests of the European and American Powers in Shanghai were at stake. If a “second battle” were to be opened in Shanghai, the Japanese army would certainly throw a rodent weapon and the great Powers would probably intervene in the war;
Zhang Ji, word for word. In 1932, when the “I, 28” resistance was fought against the Japanese army, he was the fifth chief of the army, who was opposed to the civil war and hoped to fight the day together. It was for Chiang Kai-shek’s trust until 1949 when Zhou was advised to stay in Beijing after the failure of negotiations with the Chinese Communist Party (CPC) as Chief Representative of the National Party. The famous line from Chiang Kai-shek in the movie “The Incompetent and Powerful Powerful” is him.
Thirdly, tactically, the heavy-weapons advantage of Shanghai is difficult to achieve when there are numerous high-rises in Shanghai, where the jungle of steel and concrete and the Japanese army are fighting in an alley. Even if we retreat, the Japanese army faces the surface of Gangnam ‘ s water network, which makes it difficult for the mechanical forces to move in at long intervals;
Fourth, in the topography, once the Shanghai war has started, the Japanese attack “from north to south” will be introduced. From the east-to-west “opportunity” route (the Chinese terrain is low in the west), even if China retreats, there is a big rear in the south-west.
The group was reassured that Chiang Kai-shek eventually agreed with this view.
For this reason, Zhang Jie-chul has been mobilizing his regular army, which he can command, to fill with the Shanghai Security Corps — the regular army that killed Yongfook in Dashan at Rainbow Bridge Airport — was transferred by Zhang Jie-chul.
The Japanese, however, soon smelled the impending outbreak of war after the death of Yongfook in Oyama and immediately ordered the Marines in Shanghai to be on special alert. The Japanese navy mobilized two carriers, the Dragon Zhui and Feng Shang, plus the Kaga, which had previously carried out a surveillance mission against the Soviet Union, to approach the saddle islands more than 130 kilometres from Shanghai. The original Japanese army in Shanghai, combined with a third fleet of 2400 mobile troops, amounted to over 400 000.
According to Zhang Jie’s estimates, if the Japanese army in Shanghai were to be completely destroyed, it would be far from enough for the divisions he could command.
It depends on how much Chiang Kai-shek wants to fight.
3
On 13 August 1937, at noon, Sun Won-Lang ordered the advance troops to report their arrival.
Sun Won-Lang, first class graduate of Huang Po, Director of the 88th Division of the Central Army, arrived in Shanghai by train on August 12th. He knew in his heart that the principal must have made a great determination if he was to be called upon as soon as Chiang Kai-shek had come to war.
Because his unit is not a regular army, nor is it a general central army, but rather an ace of the central army.
Sun Won-Lang. Then his son became an actor. His name was Qin Han.
Before the Japanese army fully invaded China, Chiang Kai-shek ‘ s plan was to assist China in training 60 German infantry divisions with German military advisers. But time was running out, and when the shootings at the Lugu Bridge started, only 20 divisions were trained. Of the 20 divisions, 87, which were modified by the former Central Security First Division, 88, which was modified by the Central Security Second Division, and 36, which were established on the basis of these two Supplementary Brigades, are the most completely Germanized.
In the case of the 88th Division of Sun Won-Lang, the Division comprises two brigades, two regiments and three battalions, companies, platoons and classes. At the mission level, it has its own mortar company, one communications company, one secret service company, one machine gun company (6 heavy machine guns and two mortars), while at the division level it has a artillery battalion, an engineering battalion, a communications battalion, a heavy unit, a special service battalion and a health unit. The entire division is equipped with a German helmet, the vast majority with a pure German mussels rifle, with a light machine gun made of Czechs, and a heavy machine gun is a two-to-four-style graphite cold machine gun. These configurations and equipment were at the top of the Chinese army at the time.
The German Armor of the Central Army.
Today, in order to fight in Shanghai, Chiang Kai-shek’s hand has thrown out his ace in his hand… On the one hand, it is an expression of the importance attached to the war and, on the other hand, it shows its sincerity to the warlords of the country: Look, I’m taking out my own family. I’ll take care of it.
Thus, around August 12th, on the road from Suzhou to Shanghai, all trucks were loaded with soldiers, and all trains to Shanghai were stopped and earmarked for troop transport.
In the early morning of August 12th, Shanghai citizens woke up from their sleep and suddenly discovered that the road outside the window was full of heavily armed Chinese soldiers. Since 1932, Shanghai citizens have never seen their regular army in their own city.
In the middle of the day, ordinary people in the streets spread the message with excitement: finally they are going to beat the kids!
Since 1931, the Chinese have been waiting for this day!
And the fuse that waited to become a reality was finally lit at 3 p.m. on August 13, 1937.
Sun Won-Lang was reported on 13 August that a battalion from the 523th Regiment, the commander of a battalion, had been fully positioned on the Middle Japan ceasefire line under the 1932 Armistice Agreement: the 8-word bridge.
Subsequently, Eeyoshi found the Japanese Marines’ Third Brigade in front of him.
The military forces of both sides were facing each other, almost without hesitation and firing at the same time.
According to Zhang Jie’s original plan, the general attack should have taken place on August 14, but because of the war, history was set for August 13, 1937.
On that day Zhang Zhizun wrote: “A day when our nation is at its last point, we are on the line of death.” I’m sorry.
4
On the afternoon of 14 August 1937, Takahiko heard an air-defence alert from the airport of Tsubashi.
Takashiha, Captain of the Fourth Brigade of the Chinese Air Force. When the air-defence alarm was sounded, 9 of the 21st squadron of the fourth squadron had just landed, while the 22nd squadron and 23rd squadron were preparing to land (for the story of the Chinese Air Force during the War, see China Air Operations during the War, as recorded in The Temperature of History 1).
The air-defence alarms were triggered by the presence of nine Japanese “nine-sixs bombers” over the airport at Kumbashi — they were in retaliation.
On 13 August, a battalion of 88th Division, 52rd Regiment, of the National Army, engaged in fire with the Japanese Army during the encounter at the eight-word bridge, but the fighting on land was not yet fully engaged.
So, the battle began officially with the Chinese and Japanese air forces.
Between the hours of the morning and the morning of 14 August, the Chinese Air Force carried out 76 sorties and bombed the Japanese Army headquarters, docks, warehouses and vessels in Shanghai. This is fully in line with Zhang Jie’s deployment. When Chiang Kai-shek asked him about the Shanghai offensive, he replied that he had first launched the air force and removed the other party ‘ s important positions.
Although the Japanese army launched an attack on the Chinese army with some thought, they were surprised that the first attack was on the Chinese Air Force – In their eyes, the weak Chinese air force dares to challenge the Air Force of the great Japanese Empire?
In 1937, the comparison between the air force strength of China and Japan was as follows: Japan had 91 squadrons, with about 2100 combat aircraft of all types, while China had only about 300 combat aircraft, a sevenfold difference.
That is why Japan is outraged by the fact that China dared to launch its air force first. On the afternoon of 14 August, the Japanese Army launched two series of bombers in preparation for the bombing of the airport at Tsingbashi, destroying the living force of the Chinese Air Force.
In the air-defence alerts, squadron XXI was ordered to take off again, and squadrons 22 and 23, which were preparing to land, abandoned their landings and entered combat formations.
He then jumped on his own Hawk-3 attacker and flew with two of his men in formation.
The zealous formation of the Japanese attack, which was not equipped to escort even the fighter jets, was caught in the siege of the Chinese fighter jets. As captain, Takahing was the first to shoot down an enemy aircraft on the Sun and became the first Chinese pilot to shoot down a Japanese aircraft after the outbreak of full-scale combat against China.
On August 15th, the failed Japanese troops took off from the carrier “Kaga” near the saddled islands, carrying 16 bombers and 29 fighter planes, again heading for Hangzhou. The 4th squad took off to meet the enemy and took off three more of the Japanese planes (two of them were shot down by Takashi himself). That day, the fourth and fifth squads of the Chinese Air Force shot 17 Japanese planes. On August 16, a further 8 sun planes were shot down.
Only a few days after the battle, the Japanese were proud to have lost half of the latest “nine-six” bombers in front of the Chinese Air Force, which they thought was “none” and the strategic attack was never complete.
In the face of “the great shame”, the U.S. commander of the Kim Jinjin aviation unit, Ishii, committed suicide.
However, the Chinese Air Force has also recorded a short-lived battle record.
In addition to its disadvantage in the number of aircraft, China has suffered most from its industrial manufacturing capacity — we cannot make aircraft at all. In the context of Japan ‘ s ongoing development and manufacture of newer aircraft, all Chinese aircraft, including spare parts, are procured from abroad and have no manufacturing capacity of their own. In other words, one fight is less. After the initial confrontation, the Chinese Air Force pilots often singled out each other for 10 or even 20 aircraft.
It was developed by the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries of Japan, and the “Zero” aircraft that began service in 1940 was a famous Japanese fighter in World War II, which had been a shadow in the Chinese Air Force’s heart with superior performance and had caused much trouble for the United States Air Force.
Under such circumstances, every Chinese pilot may know his or her inevitable fate — martyrdom.
On 28 November 1937, the Japanese airstrikeed the Henan Junpo airport, and Takashi flew into his aircraft in the air in order to meet the enemy.
It’s not just Gao Chi sail. The Chinese Air Force, represented by him, the “Four Kings”, died in the first year of the war. And the first elites of the Chinese Air Force, almost none of them lived in 1938.
The name of at least one Chinese pilot is worth remembering in the battle of Twilight.
His name is Hae-won.
On 16 August 1937, on the fourth day of the war, the Japanese Army was ordered to bomb the Shanghai Command. In the course of his return after the completion of his bombing mission, a Japanese-led high-level artillery fire was carried out on board the aircraft No. 5210 in Haiven, who was forced to jump but fell into the Japanese position because of the changing wind.
A large number of Japanese troops came up, hoping to capture a Chinese flighter alive and see what they could do to shoot down the Japanese Empire.
He had only one pistol next to him, and he shot and killed five Japanese soldiers during the Japanese soldier’s “subordination” cry, leaving his last bullet.
21-year-old Hae-wen, before he died, shouted: “China does not have an air force as a prisoner!” I’m sorry.
Kimura, Japan’s military correspondent for the Daily News in Osaka, witnessed the scene with surprise and wrote the story back home. In the end, he wrote: “China is not the old Japanese! I’m sorry.
5
On August 18th, 1937, Matsui’s roots were relieved a little.
Matsui Ishigen is the commander-in-chief of the Japanese “Shanghai Senders”. He was relieved because of the news: The Third Division of Japan has come to Shanghai with a naval support from the port of Hotfield.
The idea that “China is no longer Japan” is one thing that Matsui Shigen has been trying to make Japan’s military headquarters understand, but which he finds very difficult.
Matsui Shigen has long served as a military attaché in Shanghai and has been absent from the Japanese army from the “Royalist” and “the Omnibus” factions, so he is considered to be well placed to be the commander of the “Shanghai Sending Army” requiring the coordination of several divisions. However, Matsui Shigen asked Sugiyama for troops before leaving, and Sugiyama offered only two divisions.
Matsui started out with five divisions, but the military headquarters thought, “To China, the two divisions are well-established.”
It was not until 13 August that the Japanese military headquarters became aware of the seriousness of the problem when it received repeated requests for assistance from Shanghai. Even more shocking are the telegrams sent back from the former and the reports from the accompanying journalists, all of which refer to the details of the Chinese soldiers’ former servants, who fought for their lives.
The Japanese finally understood that this was not an ordinary conflict for the Chinese, but a total eruption of magma that had been suppressed for years.
So, from Tokyo to Sendai, from Kumamoto to Kanazawa, and from Kyoto to Nagoya, there began to be a scene of fanaticism in various parts of Japan — Japan began to provide full reinforcements to the guards in Shanghai.
Japanese soldiers loyal to the Emperor began boarding in ports of major cities to a strange country. A short period of confusion and tension was quickly dispersed by the Japanese people who were waving their banners wildly.
The warm and gentle Japanese people who cry “Viva!” Long live your husband or son, your father and your brother on the battlefield.” In their view, they were proud to open up their land for the Emperor and to promote the greatness of the Japanese Empire. But they do not know that many of them now appear to be kind relatives, and as soon as they set foot on the territory of a neighbouring country, they will soon become demons among people they do not know. And most of them will never come back.
Matsui Shigen, one of the main perpetrators of the Nanjing massacre, was convicted after the war by the International Military Tribunal for the Far East as a class I war criminal and was hanged in 1948.
Soon, Matsui Shigen was glad that the reinforcement from the rear was so timely.
As he has received reliable information, the Chiang Kai-shek Government is also gathering all available forces in Shanghai.
Chiang Kai-shek also put the whole family together.
In the sequence of the Chinese reinforcements, there are some of the most sophisticated central armies: the 18th Army of Rojo Young, the 1st Division of Hu Zhongnan, the 98th Division of Shachu, the 51st Division of Wang Yiwu, the 58th Division of Yu Jia, and the third Division of Li Yu Tong Tong, as well as local warlords who used to dream differently with Chiang Kai-shek: 20th Army of Yang Sen from Sichuan day and night and even walking; returning from the border to the northeast, suffocating to himself the main force of the army; all the troops of the Guin army, who have always been in conflict with the Central Army … In addition, Chiang Kai-shek sent two of the best cards to Shanghai: The Central Military School of Gui Yongqing and Huang Jie’s Tax Police Corps.
In the morning, all the railway lines on the land of China ran in a special line of transport, all of which had a common destination: Shanghai.
Every time the train stops at the platform, the Chinese people who come to the station spontaneously throw cigarettes at the window, throw fruit, throw candy, and many people shed tears: “Go on! We have to get rid of them! I’m sorry.
This is the first time that the Chinese nation has been so united since the Xinhe Revolution. Many people are full of confidence: “We Chinese are so united that we can’t run away from the kids.” I’m sorry.
However, in the light of the progress of the battle in Shanghai, everything was not as they had hoped.
Six.
In the early hours of August 21, 1937, Hu’s eyes were about to burst out of fire.
Hu Jiaxuan is the head of the 36th Division, 2116th Regiment and has graduated from the 5th class. He led this regiment, which was the main force in the attack on the Shanghai Monument. The seamount pier is at a critical position on the Japanese military line and will be an important position for their reinforcements to disembark.
However, more than an hour after the attack was launched, the 21st and 6th Regiments could not even cross the Japanese line of the Tangshan Road in front of the border pier.
Hu Jiaqi, in anger, used the second battalion as a reserve, the third battalion as a flank, and he carried his own hand with his gun. He led the first battalion on his way up, and finally, he flew through Tangshan Road, which was a combination of fire, to the front of the main iron gate at the seamount. There, however, it was suppressed by day-to-day arms from the dock.
“This is not the time to report. “The first of the first to climb up the iron gate, and the soldiers in the back who looked at the commander so hard, were fighting for the bodies of their comrades, fighting for their lives.
However, Hu Jiachi, who was in the middle of the line of fire, was shot by a Japanese warship from the port, after taking the lives of more than 500 brothers, had to retreat.
Hu has finally recovered his life. He knew that he was lucky enough to be his brother, who was even taller than his rank, and had lost his life almost 10 days after the start of the general offensive, together with thousands of soldiers.
What he did not know, however, was that the frustration he had experienced reflected the general problem that the Chinese army had revealed during the war, which, in conclusion, was still four words: it was not as good as human.
It’s not as good as human.
The vast majority of the Chinese army, with the exception of the German trainer, is far from as well equipped and fired as the Japanese army, and the Japanese army, which is held in a steel-and-cement bunker, has little choice but to use human force.
On August 14, at the beginning of the battle, Zhang Jie-chul set up an “iron fist plan” — a 500-man command group organized according to the German style of combat, and went straight to the Japanese command. In the course of the actual attack, however, Chinese soldiers with the utmost resolve, without heavy weapons, were never able to break through the Japanese army’s bunker-fire blockade, and the bodies of their comrades were used to pave the way every further. In the end, the commando team was defeated, and Liu Hong’s battalion leader, who was only 28 years old at the time of his death, was not married for 100 days.
Liu Yanyi of the former Security Corps recalled how the Chinese soldiers had dealt with the Japanese chariot: “What are we going to do with their chariot? His chariot came to fight with us, and one of our men died, and one of their chariots died. We don’t have guns or anything. We’re all army. Poor thing. I’m sorry.
Japanese military vessels delivered tanks for reinforcement. Japanese tanks are not thick, but they are a monster in front of the weak Chinese soldiers.
However, what is more impressive than the lack of weapons is the huge gap between Chinese soldiers in terms of the quality of the fighting, the level of training and the complementary exercise of modern warfare.
For example, with Hu’s 21st and 6th Squadrons, and the Nanking Armours of Doo-min… This was the only tank unit in the Chinese army at the time. As a result, all tank combat vehicles involved in the fighting were destroyed.
China’s infantry had little idea of how to work with tank combat vehicles throughout the battle. Tankers think that the infantry is always hiding behind themselves without fire cover, while the infantry think that your tank has its own armor, why not let us hide and let us cooperate?
There is also a problem with “scrambles.” To fight Shanghai, Chiang Kai-shek also sent his best artillery. At the time of the attack, however, the artillery and infantry lacked coordinated combat exercises, and it was often the case that the infantry, without the support of the artillery, used its flesh and blood to strike at the enemy.
There is also the lack of experience in modern warfare, from commanders to soldiers.
As the army was the best known force in the local army at the time, Baek Zhonghuong was too strong to let the army fight a flag in the tree, so in a battle between Nanshang and Shinshang, he threw six fine teachers into the army.
Unsurprisingly, the smoke bombs in front of the offensive were blown in the opposite direction because of the wind, as a result of the lack of advance fire detection and suppression, and the infantry bravely stormed the Japanese position without the cover of artillery, making it a live target of the other side’s crossfire — while the troops of the Caucasian Army marched forward with their deadly convictions, the vast majority of the good men fell under heavy machine gun fire from the Japanese army.
In one day, the six elite divisions collapsed and the commander alone died.
In such a situation, while the Chinese army’s will is unquestionable, it is inevitable that huge casualties will occur. According to the memory of the Chief of the Operations Section of the 9th Group Command, “one regiment went up in full, and two days later, a couple of food burdens were left behind. I’m sorry.
It’s actually more than a regiment. A division of the Central Army was able to go up for a week; a division of the Miscellaneous Army went up and could have been mutilated in three days. Even the well-known commander of the third region, Feng Yuxiang, cannot help but express his regret: “The battleground is a big melting pot of blood and flesh. I’m sorry.
Zhang Ji-chul, head of the first line of command, has been at war for 10 days: The Chinese army in Shanghai began with ten times as many troops as the Japanese army. Despite the heavy offensive, it has not been possible to achieve a breakthrough, which will ultimately allow the Japanese army to remain in place for its strategic purpose.
To that end, Chiang Kai-shek transferred his close friend Chen Chen, who had invested in training, to be the Commander-in-Chief of the 15th Group, in fact in charge of the operation.
However, the situation remains unchanged.
The situation of the Chinese army has become even more difficult with the significant increase in the number of Japanese troops on land.
7
In the early hours of 7 September 1937, Yao Ziqing last looked at the Shanghai Poshan County City.
Yao Ziqing, the battalion commander of the 98th Division, 583, 3rd Battalion, was given the task of only beginning and not ending: keeping the mountain alive.
The Chinese army’s initial strength had been lost when the battle was almost a month away. With the continuous reinforcement of the Japanese army, which has a great advantage, many defensive positions of the Chinese army have been breached, and the Japanese army landing site will soon be connected to a line.
And Mount Bao is a key hub in the landing site.
Beginning in the early hours of 5 September, the Japanese army, assisted by artillery and aircraft, mobilized a large number of tanks to storm the Pooshan gate. Yao Zi Qi Ying is a camp full of 500 people who are still alive. The Japanese army, which had been unable to attack for a long time, began to fire a large number of incendiary bombs and fell into a fire in the town of Poshan County.
Yao Ziqing told the rest of the battalion: “A man is destined to die from birth, but a good man must die.” Today, no one in the 3rd Battalion will step back, no one will live in peace, let the Japanese see our Chinese bones! I’m sorry.
Each soldier followed the commanding instructions of the battalion commander and, even after the Japanese army had entered the county city, it continued to rely on every roof, every street, every broken wall to fight in an alley with the Japanese army. When the bullet was finished, it was hit with bricks, sticks and even teeth.
In the end, with the exception of a soldier who had been ordered to leave town to report the fighting, none of the three battalions had been killed since Yao’s death.
The failure of Mount Bao has led to the loss of purpose of the Rojo line in the north of Shanghai — a position that had been changed a few times before and in which both sides had invested beyond imagination in the field of bullets.
In order to keep the shop safe, Chiang Kai-shek threw all the good cards left in his hand, including the 51st division of the Japanese Army (which was later expanded into 74) and the first division of the First Army led by Hu Zongnan.
Lost and robbed and then dumped, in a small shop in a position, every day was a hell of a scene. Under the heavy artillery fire of the Japanese army, the Chinese soldiers could not even carry the bodies of their own comrades, which eventually piled up higher than in the trenches. The bodies of their comrades were used as sandbags as cover, and the bullets were slammed on them. Some of the soldiers cried when they were fighting, because the other side had been shot and had been a living comrade.
And they know in their hearts that when they die, they will also be a barrier to their comrades. So they kept quiet as they re-drilled the trenches — every soldier who dug knew that they were digging for themselves.
At the Lo store, what the Chinese soldiers most yearn for was a bayonet, because it would minimize the gap between the two sides in terms of firepower. As a result, there were thousands of physical combats — the sound of the bells being heard by Chinese soldiers, all wounded and red-eyed, who, like the tigers, stormed out the trenches and went to the Japanese Army. The platoon commander was killed, the company commander led the attack, the battalion commander led the attack, the battalion commander was killed, and the head of the battalion was taken out of the trenches with bayonets.
The Chinese army has lost tens of thousands of lives in small shops, while the Japanese army has lost tens of thousands of lives.
In the middle of the battle, the Chinese army also staged battles on a daily basis, as in the middle of the battles in Baoshan and Luo. When the Japanese army, which has the advantage of great equipment and combat quality, comes up, it is the determination of the Chinese soldiers to defend their country with their flesh and blood.
On October 27, in the context of the withdrawal of the 88th Division, Xie Jin-won was ordered to maintain a four-way warehouse on his own, showing the world the image of Chinese soldiers. (See The Temperature of History 1, A Dead Store)
However, when the battle ended in early November, the Chinese army, which had moved from a full-scale offensive to a full-scope defence, received the worst news: the Japanese Army’s 10th Army, led by the 18th Division and the 114th Division, had made a successful forced landing in Hangzhou Bay.
The Chinese army’s back road was taken.
Ignoring the Japanese army’s landing at Hangzhou Bay is a serious mistake at the Chinese army’s command level, but at this time there is no room for blame, because everyone is thinking about the fact that hundreds of thousands of Chinese troops who fought in Shanghai for almost three months are likely to be surrounded by Japanese troops.
8
On the morning of 10 November 1937, Peng Meng was crying and crying in front of a mine-filled bridge.
Peng Meng, Head of the 10th Regiment of the Army Independent Artillery. He commands the first mechanized heavy artillery regiment in Chinese history, equipped with the only German-made 150 mm howitzer in China. He was ordered to retreat but was unable to move by a large river west of Shanghai — previously the engineering units of the brother forces had been heavily mined on the bridge to prevent Japanese troops from pursuing them.
He was trapped by the river with Peng Meng, along with a large number of fraternal troops who had withdrawn from the centre of Shanghai. There was no prior notification, no unified control, and no one was responsible for the death or death of the follow-on force.
In the end, Pumbaa could only order that China’s most advanced heavy artillery be pushed into the river.
Looking at the waters of the river, the tears of Peng and his men cannot stop. And the sound of explosions and screams came in the ear — soldiers of fraternal forces risked to explore the bridge and were killed by mines planted by their own people.
Peng Meng’s Department presented only the tip of the iceberg when hundreds of thousands of Chinese troops withdrew. Chiang Kai-shek is responsible for this withdrawal.
Jiang Kai-shek was always counting on the League of Nations for mediation and intervention when his general officers urged him to issue a general withdrawal order. Including the fact that Chen Chen’s proposal for withdrawal had been heard on 6 November, the League of Nations meeting in Brussels to see if the League of Nations would intervene and then ordered the whole line to hold for another three days, until 9 November, when the total withdrawal was clearly ordered – three days of precious time, wasted in vain.
The 150-mm howitzer that the Chinese army had at the time was finally able to push into the river as they retreated.
What is worse than a waste of time is the total lack of order and coordination in the withdrawal.
Chinese troops who had fought in Shanghai for three months were in great chaos: some had been ordered to withdraw without knowing where to go; some had been ordered to withdraw without knowing the time and sequence of withdrawal; and others had not received a withdrawal order at all, but had seen the forces responsible for the cover retreat and had to follow.
At one point, hundreds of thousands of Chinese troops began to retreat in the direction of Shanghai without cover or after break, and tens of thousands of troops were crowded on a narrow road as Japanese aircraft fired and bombed live targets. Some of the bridges were ordered to be destroyed, but there was a dispute over the fact that the follow-on friendly forces had not yet crossed the bridge, and there were even a number of instances in which their own troops were pulling their guns.
Many of the soldiers who fled from all over the country to Shanghai to kill their enemies ended up dying on the way out.
9
On November 11th, 1937, RYU-hong looked so strong.
Yu Hong-hoon, Mayor of Shanghai. When he was mayor, he wasn’t even 40 years old, and he really had the same ability. But in time of war, he could not do anything.
On that day, Yu Hong-jun was instructed to inform the people of Shanghai of an unfortunate news — that the Chinese army had completely withdrawn from Shanghai City.
Three months after the war, the war is over.
Shanghai fell.
But the mission of Yu Hong-hyun is to read a “Citizens’ Book to Shanghai”: “…a people who love peace and are forced to fight against the strong enemy of Wu-Wing, and who are willing and willing to do so, but who are willing to do so, but who have the cost of getting in and out of the sizes of the land, and who are now less than the moral significance of the long-term resistance to war, must be fully understood and have no use in looking forward to it.”
In fact, on November 12th, the National Military Commission published the “Shanghai Compatriot Book ” , which begins with a more forthright statement: “Dear Shanghai compatriots, this withdrawal is a strategic and planned withdrawal, not a defeat of war, but a real war against Japan, which began only at this time! I’m sorry.
Yu Hong-hoon!
Of course, in the Japanese military headquarters, this is nothing more than a “decent” statement by the losers.
Their attention has been placed in Nanking, which is only 300 kilometers from Shanghai. Shanghai’s “Shanghai Sending Army” and Yanagawa’s 10th Army, both punched in their fists and made repeated calls for “war”.
Nanjing, the capital of the national Government.
The Japanese do not necessarily know that the Chinese want to fight against the Chinese and introduce them on the “East-West” strike route, but they do not care:
In the Shanghai War, while the Japanese army paid a heavy price, the “three months of China’s death” speech turned into “three months of China’s entry into Shanghai,” but after all, it destroyed a large number of elite forces in Chiang Kai-shek. Just wait for Nanjing again and wait for the Chinese to surrender.
However, a week later, on November 20, a statement issued by the Chinese National Government shocked the Japanese.
On that day, the Chinese National Government announced the move of the capital from Nanjing to Chongqing.
The battle in Nanking hasn’t started yet. The Chinese have announced their departure.
There is only one message behind this: after three months of purgatory war, the Japanese received only three words from the Chinese:
“No surrender!”
If it has to be expanded, it’s five words:
“Resolutely not surrender!” I’m sorry.
From any point of view, martial arts are one of the largest and most tragic battles in the battle against Japan.
In a short three-month period, China and Japan invested a total of 1 million troops in Shanghai. Jiang Kai-shek did take out all the cards he could take, investing in more than 100 divisions totalling 700,000 sharp, and eventually reporting 300,000 casualties (of which 100,000 were on the way out). The Japanese army was forced to invest in eight divisions, two brigades and several groups, close to 300,000 troops, and eventually self-reported 40,000 casualties (with statistics totalling 70,000).
In this great melting pot of blood and flesh, the Japanese have had to recognize a “China” that is completely different from what they knew before. In their impression, China is still the one that will surrender to negotiate as long as there are a few gunboats below the bar.
And in the eyes of the nations of the world, the Chinese changed their original perception because of their performance on the battlefield.
The famous United States military commentator Carlson once said that the battle of Xinjiang is sufficient proof of two things: first, China has resolved to fight for her independence and the Chinese army does have the capacity to fight; secondly, Japan’s army was treated as a terrible army during the Japanese-Russian war, and was reduced to third-class status by a hit by China. I’m sorry.
Of course, it may be overlooked by Japan and the Powers that the battles of Tung Fu have in fact led to the real creation of the China-China united front against Japan.
The Nationalist Government, after changing the “seven events” to “seven events”, has been hesitant and obscurantized and officially determined that it will wage a full war with Japan. This war not only led to local warlords and the central government forces of the National Party standing in a trench, but also accelerated the convergence of the two political parties in China at the time: Nine days after the beginning of the war, Chiang Kai-shek declared the Red Army the Eighth Road Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and on 2 October, the Southern Red Army guerrillas were transformed into the Fourth Army of the National Revolutionary Army.
But it was also a mirror that allowed us to look at ourselves more clearly.
Our ancestors kept saying, “If Japan comes to invade China, we Chinese will drown them all at once!” I’m sorry.
But in fact, as we saw, Japan, as an industrialized country, launched an invasion of China, which is still an agricultural society, which in a sense is a “defeating blow” – not to say a “one spits” – with thousands of sons and daughters in their hearts bound to death, and with their flesh and blood they still cannot stop the aggressor’s attack.
Before the war, we always thought that we gave up because we didn’t want to fight, didn’t want to fight, didn’t dare to fight, how could Japan be so arrogant? But after this battle, many finally realized — that what happens on the battlefield really takes willpower, but sometimes it is really not just willpower that can solve it.
So, more than 80 years ago, after three months of terrible fighting, there are still too many lessons and implications to look back today.
When you’re behind, you get beaten, and that never changes.
But when it is true to be beaten and even at risk, the Chinese nation will never compromise or surrender, and will stand up and stand up to it at great cost.
Even if you fight until the last minute, with your body and blood.
An inch of river blood. Case number: YX115kXvNvv
I don’t know.
Keep your eyes on the road.
