What are the people in
history who played “dead chess” to live? In northern
Thailand, at the entrance of the 93rd Division Museum in the Maesalong Golden Triangle Folk Village, there is a couplet. The first line reads: “I am sad every year.” The second line reads: “I have no home everywhere.” The horizontal line reads: “Ten years of the Northern Expedition, eight years of the War of Resistance Against Japan, four years of the Civil War, the Golden Triangle, victory or defeat.”.
This is a true portrayal of a remnant of the Kuomintang army that has traveled to a foreign land. It is an army that borrows land to support its life. It is a solitary army without a motherland. Their victory in a foreign land is still not tolerated by heaven and earth. Their defeat in a foreign land is only a dead end. When they die in a foreign land, they will rot with the vegetation. One night in January
1950, when there were no stars in the night, a remnant of the Kuomintang army, with a total of only a thousand men, fled to the southwest frontier regardless of everything. Their leader was Li Guohui. This remnant of the Kuomintang army, which had been defeated from China, refused to die slowly in a foreign country. They protected the poison with the army and supported the army with the poison. Opened another tough legend in the Golden Triangle.
At that time, he was still an unknown regimental commander.
No one expected that many years later, it was this man who opened the door of the Golden Triangle drug kingdom.
Li Kuo-hui, a native of Henan, is called “General Xiao Li” by the local people in the Golden Triangle.
That night, after he led the remnants of the army to escape from the border line, he happened to meet the remnants of the army led by Tan Zhong, deputy commander of the 278 Regiment of the 93 Division, in Xiaomengpeng, Burma.
The two sides decided to merge into one unit, and the designation still used the title of the 93rd Division.
Subsequently, Li Guohui contacted the Taiwan authorities through a radio station to inquire about their next move, and the reply he received was: “Make a living on your own, and run your own course.”. When
Li Kuo-hui heard this, he was so angry that he almost vomited blood. When he calmed down, he named the unit the “Republic of China Revival Unit.”.
In order to survive, Li Guohui decided to take Xiao Mengpeng as the center to start the exotic journey of protecting the poison with the army and supporting the army with the poison.
In order to increase the number of soldiers, he not only recruited local Chinese soldiers, but also launched a “military-civilian marriage” campaign, and issued an order: “Whoever in the whole army marries a local woman will be rewarded with 20 yuan.
Seeing a foreign army entrenched here, the Burmese government could not sit still and immediately sent the National Defense Force to encircle and suppress it.
Li Kuo-hui did not want to go to war at first. He wrote a letter to the Burmese army commander Khandan Xin, saying: “We are troops who have borrowed land to support their lives. We are just borrowing a way to.. right away.” Then Deng Kebao and Meng Zhensheng were sent to deliver the letter and negotiate.
But Khandan’s letter was so crazy that he first tore up the letter, then detained Meng Zhensheng and sent Deng Kebao back to tell Li Guohui: “We must surrender within ten days, or we will be annihilated.”.
Seeing this, Li Guohui had to fight with his back to the wall.
The Burmese government originally thought that mopping up the remnants of the army was easy to catch, but it did not expect to hit a hard snag.
Not only was the frontal attack extremely difficult, but the heavy artillery was also attacked and captured by the death squads organized by the remnants of the army under the cover of darkness.
The next day, the remnants of the army used the captured ten heavy artillery to bombard the Burmese position in turn, and then the infantry quickly followed up, and soon beat the Burmese army to pieces, retreating again and again, until the remnants of the army occupied Tachilek, and then breathed a sigh of relief. After
40 days of fighting, the Burmese army saw no hope of victory and had to negotiate with the remnants of the army to release Meng Zhensheng. As soon as
Li Guohui got better, he also released all the Burmese prisoners, withdrew from Tachilek, and returned to the areas of Xiaomengpeng, Mengtuo, and Mengguo to set up camp again and stick to it.
This was a war of great disparity in strength and little victory, which was soon reported by media reporters such as Bangkok Daily and Singapore Morning Post with headlines such as “The Remnant Army of the Kuomintang Defeated the Myanmar Defense Force”, “General Li Guohui is a God of War”, and so on. For a while, the eyes of the whole world were attracted by the Golden Triangle. When
Li Mi arrived and Chiang Kai-shek learned the news, he quickly summoned Li Mi and cursed him, “Niang Xipi!”! An army so capable of fighting is left in Burma?
After scolding, Chiang Kai-shek gave Li Mi two titles, one being “Commander-in-Chief of the Yunnan People’s Anti-Communist National Salvation Army,” and the other being “Chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government and Director of the Yunnan Pacification Office,” and told him to go to Burma to integrate his troops.
Li Mi, No. Wenqing, also known as Bingren, was born in Tengchong, Yunnan. At the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan
, he fought a bloody battle in Songshan, but during the War of Liberation, he was defeated and almost captured alive. His troops were almost wiped out. Li Guohui, who fled to Burma, was one of his regimental commanders.
Li Guohui is a soldier, a soldier to obey orders for the bounden duty, see the arrival of the old officer, he immediately handed over the command. As soon as
Li Mi saw that the soldiers led by Li Guohui were full of spirit and high morale, he came to a military parade to publicize the anti-Communist National Salvation Army’s desire to recover the mainland. After the outbreak of the
Korean War, in order to coordinate with the outbreak of the so-called Third World War, Chiang Kai-shek, through Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense, issued an order to Li Mi: “Order your troops to counterattack Yunnan with all their strength and capture one or several places first, so that the Communist Army can not care about each other from beginning to end.”.
Then the camera occupied Kunming and recovered Yunnan and even the southwestern provinces. Wire the Ministry of Defense
as soon as possible.. In early
1952, Li Mi launched a major counteroffensive codenamed “Torch.”.
Of course, he was a sensible man. Before the troops left, he said to Li Kuo-hui in private, “Counterattack is attitude. Fighting depends on strength. Counterattack must be counterattacked. But as the commander in chief at the front, you know how to fight this battle.”.
Li Kuo-hui took the hint. How could the few people in his hands counterattack Yunnan. The
Americans were in a tight spot in the Korean War, and Taiwan’s millions of soldiers were still unable to protect themselves. What effect could their counteroffensive have! However, the counteroffensive was very smooth at the beginning, because there were no troops in northern Myanmar, and there were some militias on the border.
Soon Li Guohui captured Cangyuan County, a county on the border of Yunnan. After the news of the victory came, Li Mi repeatedly confirmed that there were no PLA troops nearby. He immediately ran over to hold the ceremony and called media reporters from Taiwan and Southeast Asia.
In Cangyuan County, Li Mi rode a horse and waved his hand and spoke, giving people a high-spirited feeling.
However, after waiting for the reporters to finish taking photos, he quickly ran back to the rear. Before he left, he called Li Kuo-hui aside and told him: “Counterattack is attitude, and fighting is strength. No one can prevent defeat!”. Immediately afterwards, Li Guohui captured three other counties in Yunnan, including Gengma.
When reporters published high-spirited photos of Li Mi in Cangyuan County, his social status doubled, and he changed from a bare rod commander to a well-known recovery hero in Taiwan.
But Li Mi knew it, and immediately ordered Li Guohui to stay alert and stop going north.
At the same time, the US military brought in a large number of supplies and piled them on the airstrip in Mengsa.
At this time, Li Guohui seemed to have a sudden understanding of what attitude was. It turned out that it referred to the US military’s weapons and ammunition assistance.
Before long, Li Guohui noticed that the PLA had made a move and immediately withdrew the troops. As soon as the PLA left, it re-occupied them. The two sides confronted each other back and forth for three months.
Finally, the People’s Liberation Army secretly assembled three divisions of troops, ready to catch all the remnants of the army.
But this plan was perceived by Li Guohui, who had a keen sense of smell, and the army was withdrawn again, and never entered China again.
On the other side, Li Mi, who was in the rear, had three armies and 20 columns under his command in the Jin Dynasty.
Among them, the captain of the fourth column was the most characteristic. She was the only woman in the head of the column. She was Miss Yang Er, the godmother of the Golden Triangle drug Lord. She had a small captain named Luo Xinghan, who was later the world-famous drug Lord.
Not accepting surrender, with the expansion of the territory and the team, Li Mi found that the money was not enough, so he sent invitations to the chieftains around the Golden Triangle, informing them to call a meeting, in order to monopolize the whole opium business.
Through this meeting, Li Mi laid down the rules of buying and selling opium in the Golden Triangle.
The army implements a policy of state monopoly for the purchase of opium, and the purchase price is set by the army in a unified way. No one is allowed to buy or sell opium without permission, and merchants must be approved before they can enter the military district to do business.
Judging from the outcome of the final meeting, there is no room for discussion at all, and it must be accepted.
At this time of the Golden Triangle, who has the final say, in the face of the remnants of the super combat effectiveness, each chieftain only desperately nodded, where dare to say no.
However, the biggest crisis of the remnant army came when the Burmese government had reached a secret agreement with India to provide weapons to help the Burmese army drive out the remnant Kuomintang army.
In addition, the Burmese government has employed more than 4,000 Indian veterans who fought against German, Italian, Japanese and British forces in World War II, as well as about 10,000 troops, mainly Kachin, to participate in the offensive.
At that time, although there were many remnants of the army, they were scattered in various parts of the Golden Triangle, busy collecting opium taxes, and not many troops were really involved in the battle. The situation was extremely unfavorable to the remnants of the army, but they had no way out and could only fight to the death. At the beginning of the
war, the remnants of the army fought very hard, and it was not until after the great victory of La Niu Mountain that the situation began to reverse.
At that time, the Indian mercenaries who took part in the attack were particularly disgusting and dirty. They used the remnants of the army and the captives of the local Chinese people’s regiment as human shields and shouted to the remnants of the army: “Shoot!”! Let us Burmese and Indians see how you Chinese kill Chinese. There were about 1,000 remnants of the army on the front of
Mount Laniu, and their commander was Li Guohui, who withstood many fierce attacks by the Burmese and Indian troops with their lives.
A few days later, 4000 reinforcements arrived, and after a short rest, they launched a counter-attack, which soon defeated the Burmese and Indian troops and fled.
The remnants of the army hated the cruelty of the Indian soldiers before, and they chased the mercenaries and beat them fiercely, refusing to surrender and killing them on sight.
Overnight, more than 4000 Indian soldiers were killed and more than 3700 wounded, and the remaining Indian troops were afraid to fight and fled without saying hello to the Burmese army. Victory in
the war was originally a good thing, but Li Mi, the leader of the remnant army, got into trouble. He was interviewed by reporters from many countries in Bangkok, Thailand. One of the female reporters asked, “Mr. Li, you are called the King of Yunnan outside. When do you plan to return to Kunming, the provincial capital?”?
This was not a difficult question to answer, and since it could be dealt with in the language of officialdom, Li Mi said surprisingly: To tell you the truth, it’s not easy for me, Li Mi, to be the king of Yunnan, but it’s easy to be the king of Burma! The key is whether I want to do it or not. After
this remark spread, the Burmese government was also angry. It was too bullying. Although we couldn’t beat it, we could complain to the United Nations.
In the end, the United Nations recognized the Myanmar government’s lawsuit and ordered the Taiwan authorities to deal with it, believing that the actions of the remnants of the army could not be justified legally.
Li Mi raved that he wanted to be the “king of Burma,” which is really hard to understand. He is a veteran who has been in the official world for decades, and he should know what “disaster comes from the mouth.”.
His words in front of reporters from many countries not only shocked the world, but also aroused Chiang Kai-shek’s suspicion.
With the words “King of Burma” fermenting, the Taiwan side, under pressure from all sides, announced the withdrawal of its troops. After
Li Mi returned to Taiwan, he was placed under house arrest and never left Taiwan for the rest of his life. Li Kuo-hui, who
later withdrew to Taiwan, was also convicted of stealing and selling arms by a military court in Taiwan. Many people within the Kuomintang could not bear to see
the verdict and went to Chiang Kai-shek to plead for mercy.
Perhaps he felt that things had gone too far, and Chiang Kai-shek gave Li Guohui an amnesty.
Since then, the founder of the Golden Triangle drug kingdom has never left Taiwan.
Volunteers fight volunteers? After
Li Mi and Li Kuo-hui withdrew to Taiwan, there were still several thousand soldiers left in the Golden Triangle, and they were in a leaderless state.
Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek sent his confidant Liu yuanlin to rectify the situation.
This man was a student of the fourth phase of Whampoa and a native of Cixi, Zhejiang Province. He was deeply trusted by Chiang Kai-shek and was regarded as a direct member of the direct line.
As the saying goes, a division must be famous. Now that the Taiwan side has publicized the withdrawal of troops, how can remaining remnants of the Golden Triangle carry the banner?
So Liu yuanlin learned from the Chinese People’s Volunteers and changed the name of the remnant army to the Yunnan People’s Anti-Communist Volunteers.
At this time, the US aid was gone, and the money given by Taiwan was a drop in the bucket. In order to survive, this remnant army had no choice but to continue the business of escorting drugs and collecting opium transit fees.
In addition to these, they also harass the border areas of Yunnan from time to time. Although
the Burmese army has a related encirclement and suppression of the remaining remnants of the army, it can not really fight, and there are many problems of its own.
Therefore, since 1957, the Burmese Army has repeatedly asked or hinted that the Chinese border troops would help the Burmese Army wipe out the remnants of the Kuomintang troops entrenched in the Golden Triangle.
In 1960, after consultation, China and Burma jointly signed an agreement on the issue of border survey and security: In order to carry out the task of security operations, the Chinese troops could enter 20 kilometers of Burma according to their needs, and the two sides should carry out the operation of eliminating the remnants of the Kuomintang troops at the same time, tentatively scheduled for around November 22, 1960.
At that time, the commander in Yunnan was Qin Jiwei, who had just made a great name for the 15th Army in Shangganling of the Korean battlefield.
Since the war was fought outside the border, Chairman Mao made a harsh remark: “Whoever crosses the red line will be killed!” The red line is not allowed to exceed the border line by 20 kilometers. Before
the general offensive was launched, according to the enemy’s situation, the Chinese side found that Liu yuanlin seemed to be alert, so after greeting the Burmese side, they attacked several hours earlier. At 21:30 on the evening of
November 22, 22 Chinese commandos quickly attacked 16 strongholds of the remnant army in order to capture and annihilate enemy and divisional officers. After the exchange of fire between the
two sides, Chin Chi-wei issued a new order: “After the battle begins, if the enemy runs away, order the troops to follow and pursue without stopping!” At first, the remnants of the army thought that the Burmese army had come to encircle and suppress again. After fighting for a while, they found that it was wrong and realized that the opponent was the PLA, so they fled and soon escaped outside the red line of kilometers.
Unfortunately, the Burmese army in the front had no way to intercept the remnants of the army, and Chairman Mao had said harsh words, so the commandos had to stop attacking. More than a month
later, in early January 1961, the Burmese army prepared to deal with the remnants of the army by itself and launched an operation called Mekong Spring, but its combat effectiveness was so poor that it was defeated and surrounded by the remnants of the army.
The Myanmar government had no choice but to ask the Chinese side to send troops across the border 100 kilometers to attack the remnants of the army. After the request of the
Myanmar government was reported at various levels, the Chinese government believed that since it was the request of the Myanmar side, it could act.
So on January 25, 1961, the Chinese troops attacked again. After Liu yuanlin got the information, he lifted the encirclement of the Burmese troops and immediately retreated to the Laos side. Then he ran to Taiwan. As soon as Liu yuanlin left during the period
of Duan Li, the remnants of the army became orphans in Asia and had to disperse. Some of them worked as mercenaries in Laos, while others worked as handymen in various local armed forces in northern Burma.
Later, some of the remnants of the army in northern Burma left the country and entered Thailand under the “gift” of Luo Hsing-han, the opium general of the Golden Triangle. The remnants of the army that
entered Thailand were Duan Xiwen’s Fifth Army, with a total of more than 3,000 men, and Li Wenhuan’s Third Army, with a total of more than 1,000 men. They eventually gathered in Maesalong, forming a new pattern of chief general Duan Xiwen, deputy general Li Wenhuan, and chief of staff Lei Yutian.
Duan Xiwen, a native of Xuanliang County, Yunnan; Li Wenhuan, a native of Zhenkang County, Yunnan; Lei Yutian, formerly known as Zhang Bingshou, a native of Naxi Village, Jianshui County, Yunnan.
In the Mengsa era, these people are obedient to the two Li, after all, the two Li’s seniority is there, and Li Mi or Yunnan people, Li Guohui is playing out the prestige.
With the return of the two Li to Taiwan, these people were not convinced by the later Liu yuanlin, and all kinds of compliance were contrary to each other. For this reason,
Liu yuanlin also complained to Chiang Kai-shek, saying that Duan Xiwen and Li Wenhuan did not listen to the command, did not counterattack the mainland effectively, pulled hilltops and so on, and at the same time instigated the relationship between Duan Xiwen and Li Wenhuan.
Maesalong was originally a Lisu village. After the remnants of the army arrived, Duan Xiwen ordered the soldiers to mingle with the Lisu people, saying that they were following the local customs.
After that, in order to survive, the remnants of the army started their old job again, teaching the surrounding mountain people to grow opium, and then selling it to them.
At that time, Manxingdie, not far from Maesalong, gradually became the king of the drug world, and it was the drug Lord Khun Sa who built this king, who was once a platoon leader under Duan Xiwen and Li Wenhuan. Although
the Thai government wanted to drive away these uninvited guests, they were afraid to send troops to encircle and suppress them because of the strength of the remnants of the army, and only took the action of encircling but not attacking. At that time,
the remnants of the army had no intention of expanding their territory, but only wanted to protect themselves, so the two sides lived in peace, and this situation lasted for eight or nine years.
But it is not a problem for an army to go to its own territory, so Thailand discussed with the Taiwan side, the general meaning is to let them go quickly, as long as they can go, the conditions can be discussed well.
In 1969, the Taiwan side sent Yi Jin, Xia Chao, and other high-ranking generals to negotiate with the remnants of the army, and they put forward a very shameless condition: “We want soldiers but not officials, and we don’t want the old, the weak, and the disabled.”.
When Duan and Li heard this, they almost beat them up, but finally they held back and drove them away.
In 1970, the Taiwan side again sent people to talk to Duan and Li, asking them to accept the reorganization.
Tuan Hsi-wen scoffed, “You don’t pay us, you don’t supply us with guns and ammunition, and you still want to take care of us?”?
This is the Golden Triangle! We will never trust you or the KMT again! After hearing this, Zhou and Ye had to leave resentfully.
In 1970, the Thai government had no choice but to hire the remnants of the army to attack the anti-government guerrillas entrenched in Badang.
If they win, the remnants of the army will be reorganized into the “Northern Thai People’s Self-Defense Force,” which will become a militia led by the Thai military. They will not be required to surrender their guns, and they will be allowed to live in Mae Salong for a long time and return their citizenship certificates. Those
entrenched in Badang are the Miao Communist guerrillas, who were sent from Laos by the radical International Communist Group in the late 1960s.
This guerrilla force has more than 1,000 armed men, many of whom were baptized by the war in the Vietnam War, and Thailand has fought with them for many years without success.
At that time, the remnants of the Maesalong army were no longer as brave as they used to be. The main fighters were all over fifty years old. Most of them were middle-aged people with wives and children. Only a few thousand people could really pick up a gun to fight.
Chief General Duan Xiwen is also old, but in order to have a place to live, for this army is not the army, the people are not the people of the remnants of the army, and future generations are no longer wandering, he accepted the request of the Thai government.
Duan Xiwen’s only request was that the battle must be commanded by himself from the beginning to the end, and the Thai side agreed. After
reaching an agreement, Duan Xiwen personally led less than 500 veterans to attack the Miao Communist guerrillas.
Afterwards, someone asked Tuan Hsi-wen why he personally took these veterans out to fight the guerrillas. He replied, If you don’t fight for a long time, even the most sophisticated technology will be wasted.
After all, age is not forgiving. The soldiers are old, and the second and third generations are still young and have no experience of fighting, so they still need time to temper themselves. That’s why I want to personally lead the team! In this battle, Duan Xiwen adopted the tactics similar to Li Guohui’s sneak attack on the Burmese Army’s heavy artillery. He feinted from the front and sent a commando raid from behind. After three days of fighting, he finally captured Badang.
After the war, 78 soldiers were killed, 360 wounded, 356 guerrillas killed and 708 captured. When
the remnants of the army returned triumphantly to Maesalong, they were not greeted with applause, but with wailing. Five hundred men
went to war, and when they came back, they were either bones or people with missing arms and legs.
Although Duan Xiwen was also very sad, he still thought of the purpose of the war and immediately sent a telegram to Bangkok asking them to send a special envoy.
The Thai government sent a special envoy, Chatichai, who later became prime minister, to fulfill the promise.
But there is a small disturbance here. According to Thai custom, to get citizenship and residence, you must kneel down to King Rama IX Bhumibol of Thailand.
Although the Thai government has a special explanation to Duan Xiwen, this is the rule of Thailand, to see the king to kneel, soldiers kneel a little simpler, women kneel more complicated.
But when Tuan Hsi-wen heard this, he became angry and said, “I am a Chinese. I kneel to heaven, kneel to earth, kneel to my ancestors, kneel to my parents, kneel to my teachers.” However, when he turned his head and saw a group of veterans and children behind him, he sighed, “For my soldiers, I kneel..” On June 18, 1980, Duan Xiwen died of illness, and his tombstone, like most of the tombstones here, faces north. After the death of Duan Xiwen in the
last battle, Lei Yutian became the commander-in-chief. As a result, not long after he took office, the Thai side immediately gave him a magic spell and asked him to send troops to fight the Wusha-Shajin guerrillas in Kaoya Mountain.
Lei Tianyu held the telegram, his hand trembling all the time, and he could not make a decision, but when he saw the four lines on the placard on the Maesalong.
1. Comply with the laws of Thailand and obey the orders of the State.
2. To cherish and defend the land we live in with our lives.
3. Loyalty to the present emperor and royal family.
4. Defend the emperor and the throne with body and life.
He had to make up his mind to fight the last battle.
At this time, Lei Tianyu was already sixty-six years old, and the adjutant Li Wenhuan was also sixty-eight years old, so he certainly could not go to the front line to fight.
So the remnants of the army, led by Yang Weigang, led more than 500 people to cooperate with the Thai military. Among
the 500 people, the older ones are over 50 years old, and the younger ones are 17 or 18 years old, and their military uniforms are in tatters. The Thai side looks down on them from the bottom of its heart. Today is not what it used to be, because the remnants of the army are no longer those who were trumpeted 10 years ago. Wusha Shajin
of Kaoya Mountain drew a lesson from the failure of the guerrillas in Badang Mountain, ordered the rear path to be tightly blocked, laid mines, and set up many secret sentries to ensure that once the attackers were found, they would be buried in the wilderness.
In this battle, the anti-government guerrillas led by Wu Shashajin fought very tenaciously and resisted very fiercely, beating back the attacks of the Thai government forces several times.
Helplessly, the Thai government forces, whether in numbers or firepower, far exceeded the guerrillas. Although they fought bloody battles for three days, they still failed to withstand, and the remnants of the army took the lead in capturing Kaoya Mountain.
In this battle, the remnants of the army sacrificed 260 people, killed 350 guerrillas and captured 206 people. The Thai High Command was deeply moved by the
recovery of Mount Khao Nga. When the remnants of the army returned to Chiang Mai by transport plane, the Chiang Mai provincial government held a grand welcome party for the remnants of the army.
Although the Thai government has made enough gestures, it has caused the dissatisfaction of the young and strong faction within the remnant army, after all, no one wants to be cannon fodder.
In addition, the leaders Lei Tianyu and Li Wenhuan are still worried about two things: 1. Ask them to attack Khun Sa’s troops.
2. Disarmament.
The Maesalong remnant army called Khun Sa’s armed forces “two Zhang” Chinese troops, because Khun Sa was of Chinese descent, called Zhang Qifu, and his chief of staff was Zhang Suquan, a Dalian native, who was once a member of the remnant army.
In addition, after the battle of Kaoya Mountain, many young people went to the “two pieces”.
If the Thai government arranges for the remnants of the Maesalong Army to attack the “two Zhang” Chinese troops, then Lei Tianyu and Li Wenhuan will be caught in a dilemma, and there will be problems whether to fight or not. Lei Tianyu and Li Wenhuan will never comply with the
disarmament of the remnants of the Maesalong army. If they hand over their weapons, they will be worse than local mountain people. You should know that in the Golden Triangle, no gun is equal to a lamb, and no one will defend their interests.
At this time, the Thai side also calmly analyzed the situation, did not recruit the remnants of the Maesalong army to attack Khun Sa, but asked the remnants to disarm in stages, and promised to give them Thai nationality.
In 1992, with the last batch of weapons handed in, this foreign remnant army completely disappeared in the long river of history. Looking at the history of this solitary army
from the opium seeder to the tourist attractions, people can’t help but sigh. Objectively speaking, the opium cultivation in the Golden Triangle was not brought by the remnants of the army. The earliest opium cultivation was started by the British in northern Myanmar and the French in the mountains of northern Vietnam and Laos.
However, from the beginning of Li Guohui, the practice of protecting poison with the army and supporting the army with poison has run through the whole history of the remnant army.
This army is like an opium seeder, and opium cultivation has been spreading everywhere. It is absolutely unfair to say that they are the pioneers of the Golden Triangle drug kingdom.
In 1982, Bo Yang, a famous writer in Taiwan, and his wife Zhang Xianghua visited the Golden Triangle area in northern Thailand. After returning, they disclosed the situation of Maesalong, such as no water and electricity, wearing rags, planting opium, and going to war with bearded soldiers, which aroused widespread concern in Hong Kong and Taiwan. The focus of
attention is the following three: 1. Poppy alternative cultivation and development.
Eventually, the Taiwan authorities brought tea planting alternatives to Maesalong, and after decades of development, Maesalong became the first area in the Golden Triangle not to grow poppies.
2. Identity and nationality. Not much progress has been made in
this regard. Until 2008, the Taiwan authorities only granted 386 citizenship rights, and the name was “government” status amnesty. After the Democratic Progressive Party came to power, there will be no progress. General Duan Xiwen attaches great importance to
the issue of schools and has been implementing Chinese education, but Thailand has not recognized Chinese education for a long time. Since the
new century, the mainland and Taiwan have given a lot of convenience to the enrollment of students in the Maesalong area. Over the past
few decades, today’s Maesalong has become a very distinctive tourist attraction.
In order to commemorate the efforts of our ancestors, the descendants of the remnants of the army built a Yimin Museum of Culture and History in Northern Thailand (Zhongyi Temple), on which the memorial tablets of all officers and soldiers were enshrined.
On the wall of the Yimin Museum of Culture and History, there is an inscription that reads: “a group of forgotten people, they die in battle and decay with the grass and trees, and their victory is still forbidden by heaven and earth.”.
This sentence is a good interpretation of the exotic journey of a Chinese army without a motherland. Pay attention and don’t get lost ~
