In the 1990s, Pfizer developed an antibacterial, Troven.
However, the drug was subject to frequent side effects in animal experiments.
As a result, R & D workers “mix”: experimenting with African children.
After all, there’s more to it than to correct this ugly mistake.
It’s imperative to get him on the market as soon as possible.
But he didn’t think that some of the downplayed “mind failure” was a lock that millions of ordinary people would never have earned in their lives.
A new drug with a bad idea.
In the mid-1990s, Trovan was born in the lab after countless day and night attacks by researchers.
As soon as it was born, Troven showed remarkable characteristics – its fungicide was very effective and its application was very broad.
Pfizer’s top, like this new drug.
Especially when Wall Street analysts say that Troven’s total annual sales may be over $1 billion, the directors are in the backyard – beautiful.
But it’s not fair.
A problem was also identified in the report sent by the laboratory.
When researchers experiment with animals, there are some side effects for rabbits and dogs involved in the experiment.
For example, joint diseases, abnormal cartilage growth, liver damage, etc.
Animals are commonly understood to have side effects, and the same adverse effects are likely to occur on humans, which is a more serious drug deficiency.
But, at the top, the advantages of Troven are so obvious, how can it be abandoned because of some shortcomings that are still under study?
Moreover, there are a few side effects to the drug, and it is not entirely the same as human use.
What if it’s used?
This is more of a “mistake” than a “mistake.”
As a matter of urgency, isn’t it possible to get Troven the approval of the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as soon as possible, and then sell it on the market and earn a knife?
It is clear, however, that obtaining FDA approval is not that simple and, aside from the fact that three clinical trials take at least several years.
You’ve had such obvious side effects in pre-clinical trials, in animal trials.
Figure 1 FDA basic process for new drug approval
And that’s what Pfizer is all about. They’re dealing with the FDA on the one hand, and they’re trying to figure out if there’s a way out.
The opportunity came soon.
A boring afternoon on the Internet with Dr. Scott Hopkins.
Unwittingly, the outbreak of meningitis in northern Nigeria is taking its toll on human lives.
Hopkins’s mouse has been on the page for a long time, and the idea that the company’s Troven has been slow to get through to the FDA has given rise to big ideas:
Why not use Troven on children who have no one to depend on?
First of all, the fact that Nigeria is under the jurisdiction of the military government, that the system is backward and poorly regulated means that Pfizer’s experiments will be “easy”.
Second, if Troven is able to treat meningitis, not only will the problem of clinical trials be resolved, but the commercial value will be higher.
Do you think that if the CDC in the U.S. were to make a big swing, to recommend Troven for the xx epidemic, Pfizer’s share price would not take off?
Figure 2 Location of Nigeria
After listening to Hopkins’ bad ideas, high-levels say, “Hey, you’re a real talent!”
It’s not too late for Pfizer’s emergency redeployment of resources.
A few days later, a DC-9 plane carrying a team of Dr. Pfizer flew to Nigeria, saying to the outside world: “Do charity to help fight the epidemic.”
The epidemic of meningitis in Africa, a backward country, had touched the hearts of the world ‘ s people, and many medical institutions and charitable organizations had come to the site in the hope of doing their part.
But it is clear that Pfizer, unlike these humanitarian organizations, as a commercial company, has no pessimism, much less intention to find answers.
The purpose of Pfizer’s trip is to prove that Troven is effective and worth selling in a pharmacy window.
In fact, when they leapt to the Atlantic with such ideas, many of the things that happened behind them were destined.
Watch out for Greeks carrying gifts.
There is a saying in Europe: beware of Greeks carrying gifts. Behind the proverb is a well-known story: Greek soldiers lying in the carp, destroying Troy.
Pfizer’s plane was equally full, but it was also empty, and it landed slowly in Kano, a amber-colored city, in northern Nigeria.
Figure 3
After a simple turn, the team was shocked by the scene.
The bodies of the hospital that are eaten by rats, the faeces that are visible on the streets, the sick and dying … The whole city is like a huge slum.
However, poverty does not affect Pfizer’s plans. It has nothing to do with poor sanitary conditions and inadequate medical resources. After all, it is not really charity. This is paradise if there is no outside power to interfere with its own experiments.
Soon, Pfizer dug up the most experienced doctors and nurses in the area on the basis of high pay to assist in the Troven experiment.
Not only human resources, but also the two best-maintained wards in the area, as well as the vast majority of the beds in the hospital, are covered by Pfizer.
I’m sorry, money can do whatever it takes…
The Pfizer team’s behavior quickly aroused resentment among the rest of the camp.
In particular, Médecins sans frontières (MSF), whose volunteers organize patients for screening, grouping them according to the severity of the condition.
The most serious is the small number of broken beds and benches in the hospital, and the smaller group of people sleeping in tents with mattresses.
Figure 4 Médecins sans frontières
We can’t afford any good beds. You’re fine, Pfizer.
A Belgian volunteer jumped like a thunderbolt in the yard.
“The sick are out there. They could have slept in the bed! I’m sorry.
But the Pfizer team doesn’t care that Hopkins not only thinks that he has improved the medical conditions here, but also that he cannot afford the drugs used by Médecins sans frontières, which he thinks is too cheap.
He’s eccentric:
“Your antibiotics, I won’t give them to my dog. I’m sorry.
Hopkins did have a reason to be proud. He wanted the idea. He brought the team and returned to the United States in the future.
When he comes back to the ward, you can even see his eyebrows flying up.
Under the leadership of this dedicated team, an experiment, which should have been prepared for several months, started without much time.
Troven, this new drug, which is new to the world, officially launched a fantastic journey to Africa.
The first to come to the medical camp was a boy named Belo, who came here with his mother a day after he became ill.
In Kano, it is known that this camp north of the city brings together many medical institutions and charitable organizations.
Volunteers of different borders and colours are here to help the sick and the Shinigami fight.
So, after the illness, the first thought of the locals was to come here and ask for help.
But, like all the locals, Belo and his mother were not aware of the difference between medical facilities and simply approached a doctor at random and sought help carefully.
And what they went into was the territory of Pfizer.
In the face of the rats who came to us, the doctor generously brought out Troven without explaining to them what it was and what it was.
Little Belo looked at the pills in his hand and thought he was about to be reborn, and he was excited to get into his mouth.
A few hours later, he was paralysed.
He did not even leave the hospital’s door and could no longer walk.
It was then that his mother knew that Belo was on experimental drugs.
As mentioned earlier, Pfizer did not prepare the experiment seriously because they felt it was too late.
But even if it is too late to schedule specific matters, medical experiments require at least one informed consent.
In fact, neither the other relatives, the nurse or any other witness who came later saw this.
Even if the locals are illiterate, they won’t sign. You have to explain what Troven is and ask for oral consent before you take his medication.
But Pfizer’s doctor doesn’t translate the whole process at all and doesn’t even tell the patient about the use of Troven in advance.
Even… well, I don’t think there’s any excuse for the thicker face.
In the absence of education, locals are often afraid to make their own decisions in the face of unknown drugs.
They treat Nigerian doctors wearing white coats and glasses as their own, but with great care and confidence:
“Any other way?”
At this point, Pfizer hired a local doctor, Douche, to tell everyone:
“It’s the only thing I can do. I’m sorry.
Figure 5
Thus, a group of eight or nine years of age took the experiment of Pfizer.
No, they don’t know it’s a medical experiment, they just look at all those in white coats as angels in white and feel like they’re receiving internationally recognized standards of treatment, and they’ll soon get better.
Pfizer’s trick went on so long that when another volunteer learned about it, he said, in cold words:
“They can reach Médecins sans frontières’ tent when they walk a few more metres. I’m sorry.
It’s just, there’s no other way into this door.
So, how did Pfizer verify Troven’s effects?
The veil of the Troven experiment.
The Troven experiment is generally this:
Close to 200 children seeking medical treatment were divided into groups A and B, and group A took a new drug that had been promoted by Troven-Pfizer, but the side effects were severe and were not approved.
Group B is taking head spasms – an antibiotic type of head sphinol, an internationally standard treatment. However (note this but) Pfizer used it in private to reduce the dose.
Specifically, the recommended dose of antibiotics is 50-100 mg/kg, while Pfizer takes the standard of 33 mg/kg.
And why cut the dosage?
I don’t think it’s a deliberate attempt to reduce the effectiveness of Group B, so it’s a line to Team A?
The poor girl, who was mentioned at the beginning, came here alone on the afternoon of the hot sun.
People did not know where her family was, but her heart was filled with joy when the Red Cross flag slowly emerged from the horizon.
The doctor took spinal fluid from the girl and assessed her symptoms.
And at Test Point 6587 of Experiment 154-149 she was recorded as Patient 0069 and given 56 mg Troven.
One day later, the girl became visiblely dead and her skin became rough and dry, unlike a child.
And her right eyeball, like a fertilized fish eye on a table, shrinks and doesn’t move.
Faced with this situation, Pfizer decided that the dosage would remain unchanged.
All of this was clearly recorded.
As Troven slowly enters her body, the girl can no longer resist or even make any expression on her face.
On the third day, neither of her eyeballs moved, and needles pierced into her arm and no more brain sensation.
She’s dead.
No one knows if this girl stopped using Troven and could survive.
But the question is:
Why doesn’t Pfizer’s team stop?
There are clear provisions in the industry guide for managing meningitis experiments.
The day after the start of treatment, the researcher will give the patient a second spinal piercing to see if the drug is effective.
If not, other measures should be taken.
However, Pfizer did not conduct an examination and was injected into Troven until she died, even when the little girl had already had a serious negative reaction.
Later on, Evarist Lodi, a doctor from Sans Frontières, visited the treatment, where he was on fire and immediately stated:
“This is murder! I’m sorry.
Little girls’ lives can’t be saved, and Pfizer’s footsteps have not stopped.
In addition to intravenous Troven, Hopkins has suddenly decided to have the child undergo oral testing, a decision that led to infighting within the team.
Supported doctors believe that, theoretically, it is easier for children to absorb oral Troven.
Moreover, if oral testing is effective, it means that in third world countries where medical conditions are lagging, Troven is also widely used.
The economic benefits of Pfizer will be further enhanced.
Opposing doctors argue that this would be too risky, that oral Troven has never been tested on children, and that the evidence of so-called support for oral absorption is not convincing at all.
Moreover, the effect of intravenous injections is faster, and for people with serious diseases, the right way is to kill the virus as quickly as possible.
But how can Pfizer give up on the promise of oralism so great? In the end, this method was implemented by the team.
On 6 April 1996, a 7-year-old boy was sent to Pfizer ‘ s ward.
In any case, he should have stopped taking Troven, his facial muscles had ceased to function and had been paralysed, and he weighed only 35 pounds at the time.
At this time, and most importantly, is it not the best of our efforts to save his life first, in the best way possible?
Unfortunately, Pfizer’s doctor doesn’t think so. They’re fascinated by the confidence in Troven, or by the huge halo they’re going to produce after “cure a paralysed boy with Troven.”
After labelling this dying boy patient 0054, the doctor gave him 50 milligrams of Troven.
Miracles…
It didn’t happen.
Less than 9 hours, patient 0054 died.
The children who close their eyes fall asleep forever, and those who are awake do not have the time to celebrate that they have escaped from the Pfizer team’s experiments, but rather to face the gaps with greater courage.
Anas is a Nigerian boy, who is taller than his peers.
His dream was to be a soldier in a uniform.
But in the 14-year-old year, Anas said goodbye to his dreams.
According to Anas’ dad, Pfizer took “the evil drug” to Anas.
As a result, the boy had to slobber and walk for the rest of his life. It is clear that such people are not wanted in the army.
It is not clear to us whether the symptoms of deafness, lameness, blindness, epilepsy are caused by the failure to treat meningitis or directly by the side effects of Troven.
But it is clear to us that these disabled children, who are abandoned both by life and death, stand on the brink of life — their own future, never coming.
After death, someone in the team can’t stand it anymore.
It’s just that Pfizer came first with a big flag against the disease, that the epidemic is not over yet, that all the major agencies are dry, and how can he leave without saying so?
So the team decided to hold on for two more days.
It’s better not to insist that this insistence eventually drags 11 children into ghost gates, and the disability is uncountable. After all, Pfizer did not leave any contact with the patient, and many people disappeared after receiving a mess of treatment.
Three weeks after Pfizer came to Kano, the experiment was nearing collapse, and both groups A and B had a large number of deaths and injuries, and could not move on.
Not long ago, that loud DC-9 crossed the ocean again and took away all the doctors.
In the name of justice, it is an disgrace.
The team therefore cleaned up the medical traces and even forged a body test approval to prevent future sprawl.
Hopkins’ team came back to the United States with such a terrible report card, but Pfizer still fantasies about Troven, after all, Wall Street analyst predicts a billion dollars a year!
As a result, they modified the data and continued to apply for sales in the United States and Europe.
But the Food and Drug Regulatory Authority of the United States (FDA) is not a vegetarian, or Pfizer changed the data too much.
FDA soon discovered that there was something wrong with the application, such as a paper listing children ‘ s white cell count as 68 and another as 680; some experiments were recorded in Connecticut, although carried out in Kano.
Investigators naturally began to wonder: Why are you doing this? What is this conspiracy?
Pfizer’s heart once mentioned his voice, and after all, if we look back, we’re just a little short of the truth.
There are some things that cannot be weighed but four or two, and a thousand pounds cannot be weighed.
They’re all back in Nigeria.
Are you kidding me?
Whether Pfizer is lucky or the patient’s misfortune, Pfizer did escape the robbery.
The FDA was never a messenger of justice, the investigators were a monk who hit a clock, and all the suspicions were routine questions, and no one wanted to go to the pharmaceutical giant.
So, after the verbal knock on Pfizer, the FDA stopped looking and simply authorized Troven to treat 14 adult diseases.
But the FDA was afraid to take responsibility and left behind.
They demand that no child should be given the use of Troven, let alone the use of Troven for “prevalence meningitis”.
A compromise was thus reached.
The United States agreed, and the European Union soon let go.
In February 1998, Pfizer held a presentation on Troven’s new products in Orlando, where over 1800 salespersons gathered and shouted in rhythm:
Trovan! Trovan! Trovan! I’m sorry.
Everyone’s face is full of joy.
But Pfizer ignores an important problem, and Troven has serious side effects, which are objective regardless of whether the FDA is approved or not.
Did the FDA approve to take this drug without incident?
Tore up Troven’s window paper.
Troven’s spring is as short as tropical winter.
In 1998, bad reports appeared as snowflakes as United States doctors continued to drive to the patients.
According to publicly available information, in about a year there were 140 patients taking Troven, with liver problems, at least 14 cases of liver failure and 6 deaths.
Are you kidding me? My American red neck is so full of martial arts, isn’t it the children of Nigeria? If you can’t do it, we’ll jump on the street.
Who knows that Troven is a new drug of Pfizer’s push, and has a very large new product launch, and now the media is all over it.
“Stunned! The reason for the sudden liver failure of a strong man…
Under pressure, United States and European regulators reacted immediately.
Pfizer: Listen to me.
FDA: I don’t listen.
In the United States, measures have been put in place to severely restrict the use of Troven and doctors are not allowed to drive it at will unless the needs of the patient exceed the risk of liver damage and there is a complete moratorium on the sale of Troven in Europe.
That’s when Troven sold it for 10 months.
U.S. and U.S. restrictions are like a stick, and Pfizer’s dry. After all this busy work, Troven still couldn’t sell it.
During that time, the cloud overwhelmed the company, and everyone scolded. Their grief and concern is not that they are being blamed, but that they are not getting paid.
However, compared to the suffering of Nigerian children, Pfizer’s suffering was so short and so light that it had been forgotten by the company for a short time.
In 1998, after three years of clinical trials, another new Pfizer drug was approved by the United States Food and Drug Supervisory Authority, which is West China.
Of course, there’s a more common name for Westland: little blue pills. (Yes, that’s the brother you know.
Figure 6 Blue pills produced by Pfizer
As the first drug to be used for oral treatment of male erection disorders, the first quarter of the first quarter of the year, the blue pill prescribed 2.9 million prescriptions in the United States.
Pfizer forgets all his worries, what Troven, what regulatory restrictions, and I’ve finally produced a drug for money!
The halo of the blue little pills covered up Troven’s loss, and in 2000, Pfizer was rated by Fortune magazine as the world’s most respected company.
Yes, most admired.
Children who live in a difficult time in the sand of Kano will certainly not consider Pfizer to be worthy of praise, and they have every hope of beginning a trial against Pfizer.
Ironically, it was not the local government that first revealed the truth about Troven’s experiment, which was for the Nigerian people.
Remember Troven’s Waterloo in America? There was one person who was wondering:
There’s a problem with Troven. How did it pass?
Despite the years that have passed, he has found an unusual location in the vast sea: Kano, Nigeria.
The man, Joe Stephens, interviewed a large number of victims, officials, doctors and saw secret reports never released by the Nigerian Government, and finally understood what Pfizer did in Nigeria.
In December 2000, Joe Stephens wrote ” Places of profit and life balance ” , which pointed directly to the illegal experiment conducted by Pfizer in Nigeria.
As soon as the news came out, public opinion was raging.
Pfizer had no idea he had taken care of the Nigerian Government but had been attacked by a story.
It can be said that it was only then that the families of Nigerian survivors determined that Pfizer’s conduct was illegal, that they went to the United States to sue Pfizer, but that Pfizer, who had made money at that time, still did not want to lose, and that he maintained that his experiment was consistent.
This is in fact a very humiliating gesture — a display of impunity in the course of illegal experiments, even when they are punctuated, and even if they are rich, they do not want to pay for their children.
In order to achieve a result in its own favour, Pfizer insisted that the case should be tried in Nigeria and that the United States should not prosecute itself.
Figure 7 Children treated by Troven
The trial was called back to Nigeria, mainly to facilitate the process.
You know, Pfizer never plays a role in the face of small Governments. During the new coronary pneumonia epidemic, they entered into a contract for the purchase of vaccines, and even dared to demand assets from small Governments such as banks, military bases and so on. What is the fear in regional Nigeria?
As early as the trial in Troven, a Nigerian doctor involved in the experiment believed that Pfizer had colluded with the local government.
After being prosecuted, Pfizer directly collected evidence of corruption from the Nigerian Minister of Justice, threatening him to abandon legal proceedings.
Capital is a natural resource, and it is hard to see.
But Pfizer is one of the best, but the only thing to be left behind is that he is aided and lost.
Big Brother, your experiment is so bad, don’t say Nigerians. Look, even in the U.S., from congressmen to cooperative hospitals, from journalists to Internet users.
In 2009, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ruled that Nigerian victims and their families had the right to sue Pfizer in the United States.
Pfizer then slipped on his knees and immediately settled the case out of court with $75 million in settlement.
They feared that the families of the victims would come to the United States to prosecute themselves, and that the families of the victims had waited for more than a decade and would not wish to delay any longer.
More than 20 years later, Pfizer’s name was still raging in Nigeria, where civilians and even a large number of university students with higher education remained hostile to Pfizer’s vaccines and medicines.
“The Pfizer vaccine is 99% effective? I’m sorry.
“Stop kidding! I’m sorry.
At the end.
To a large transnational corporation like Pfizer, Troven is just a small cut in its long history of development, and very few have heard of it.
Pfizer stands on the peaks in this field, with many successful drugs and numerous rewards.
However, some of the minor “minor errors” are the deliberate crimes committed by these giants, and the locks that ordinary people earn in their lifetime.
It’s not like a dog.
Whether it is an illegal experiment or a decade of research and development, there is less morality to save lives and injuries on the back of the capital of medicine, and it is much more important to pursue fame, to fight others and to seek a monopoly.
And that never belonged to the Pfizers alone.
A few years later, the leader Hopkins had left Pfizer as an independent consultant, the Duche, who had told his fellow countrymen that he could only come to Pfizer camp for treatment, had long been promoted to head of Kano Medical School.
The death report of the little girl, 0069, was written by him himself, and when he saw it again, he watched it silently for a long time, opened his mouth and closed it, and said, in the end, slightly:
“I remember this. I’m sorry.
“To be honest, remember, we should do something about this. I’m sorry.
He read the report again, confirming that he wrote it himself, shrugged it:
“I don’t know what happened, why I did it in the first place…”
References:
Should African children be experimenting with Pfizer?
Where products and Lives Hang in Balance.
In this Nigerian city, Pfizer runs over the vaccine rollout.
The Washington Post
Pfizer pays out to Nigerian families of meningitis druid trictims.
The Infamous 1996 Pfizer technical Driving anti-vax benefits today.
Did Pfizer Bribe Its Way Out of Criminal Charles in Nigeria?
I don’t know.
Keep your eyes on the road.
